Fiscal Rules & Funding Leakage¶
The NHRA funding mechanism is defined by the interaction between the National Efficient Price (NEP), Weighted Activity Units (NWAU), and the 6.5% growth cap.
1. Effective Funding Share¶
While the nominal target (\(\alpha_{nom}\)) might be 45%, the effective share (\(\alpha_{eff}\)) often drifts lower due to efficiency gaps:
\[
\alpha_{eff} = \frac{\alpha_{nom}}{1 + \text{Efficiency Gap}}
\]
Where:
- Efficiency Gap: The divergence between hospital input costs and the indexation of the NEP.
2. The 6.5% Cap¶
The Commonwealth's contribution is capped at a 6.5% annual increase. This is modeled as:
\[
Payment_{Cth} = \min(Payment_{ABF}, Payment_{last} \times 1.065)
\]
3. Boundary Shifting¶
To bypass caps, agents may shift activity to 'Block' funding streams. This is modeled as a choice between ABF and Block revenue based on relative shadow prices.
4. Evidence Grounding¶
- NEP: IHACPA Annual Determinations (2011-2025).
- Cap: NHRA Addendum 2020-25, Clause 42.